Beyond Labor: AI, Public Infrastructure, and the Future of Social Cohesion

This essay argues that artificial intelligence represents a structural rupture rather than merely another technological revolution. Unlike previous waves of mechanization, AI increasingly threatens not only physical labor but also cognitive middle-class professions, thereby undermining the industrial assumption that work guarantees income, dignity, and social participation. The resulting crisis is interpreted less as a technological …

Complex Value: Why Architecture is more than a Service

Complex Value: Why Architecture is more than a ServiceIn recent decades architecture has increasingly been described as a service. The language of the discipline has shifted accordingly: efficiency, performance indicators, delivery models, stakeholder management. Architects are often asked to demonstrate that their work behaves like other professional services—predictable, measurable, and optimized.This description is not entirely …

The Architecture of Low Obligation: Minimalism in a Post-Welfare Society

Architecture, Ethics, and the Erosion of Collective Responsibility Within the framework of postwar social-contract architecture, contemporary minimalism appears not as a neutral stylistic preference but as a symptom of a broken ethical horizon. Its widespread appeal marks a decisive shift away from architecture’s former role as a material agent of collective obligation and toward a …

The Cultural Functionality of Architecture

The cultural functionality of architecture should not be regarded as fundamental. Architecture is by far the most cumbersome and inert of all cultural expression techniques. Its production is bound to material, time, and social negotiation; it resists acceleration. Yet precisely this resistance has turned against it. In an age of ever-faster content consumption and the …